B Black sites (18 P) C Central Intelligence Agency domestic surveillance operations (10 P) E Extraordinary rendition program (2 C, 13 P) M Heres how it works. This category contains the known or alleged operations of the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States. In 1977, during a hearing held by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, to look further into MKUltra, Admiral Stansfield Turner, then Director of Central Intelligence, revealed that the CIA had found a set of records, consisting of about 20,000 pages,[78] that had survived the 1973 destruction orders because they had been incorrectly stored at a records center not usually used for such documents. ", "WikiLeaks Releases Trove of Alleged C.I.A. 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[22] In 1977, a Freedom of Information Act request uncovered a cache of 20,000 documents relating to MKUltra, which led to Senate hearings. These documents, which describe secret writing techniques and are housed at the National Archives, are believed to be the only remaining classified documents from the World War I era. Many were former members, and some were former leaders, of the Nazi Party. Just what kinds is still classified. In total about one million female mosquitoes were bred for the testing;[2] remaining mosquitoes were used in munitions loading and storage tests. June 28, 2007 and Tim Weiner, United States Army Biological Warfare Laboratories, United States President's Commission on CIA activities within the United States, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Unethical human experimentation in the United States, Poison laboratory of the Soviet secret services, Category:Central Intelligence Agency operations, "One of the Most Shocking CIA Programs of All Time: Project MKUltra", "The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief'", "Dialogue Sought With Professor In CIA Probe", "Statement of Director of Central Intelligence Before Subcommittee On Health And Scientific Research Senate Committee on Human Resources", "PROJECT BLUEBIRD | CIA FOIA (foia.cia.gov)", "Advisory on Human Radiation Experiments, July 5, 1994, National Security Archives, retrieved January 16, 2014", "Project MKUltra, the Central Intelligence Agency's Program of Research into Behavioral Modification. [49] They also administered LSD to CIA employees, military personnel, doctors, other government agents, and members of the general public to study their reactions. The ambitious program, called Project 1794, was initiated in the 1950s, and a team of engineers was tasked with building a disc-shape vehicle capable of traveling at supersonic speeds at high altitudes. "These documents remained classified for nearly a century until recent advancements in technology made it possible to release them," CIA Director Leon E. Panetta said. [79], At least one death, the result of the alleged defenestration of Frank Olson, was attributed to Olson's being subjected, without his knowledge, to such experimentation nine days before his death. During the Cold War, the CIA initiated Project MK-ULTRA, a secret and illegal human research program to investigate potential mind-control systems. The Central Intelligence Agency today declassified the United States Government's six oldest classified documents, dating from 1917 and 1918. A series of top-secret human experiments conducted by the CIA between 1953 and 1973, Project MK-Ultra sought to harness the power of mind-control. The committee noted that the "experiments sponsored by these researchers call into question the decision by the agencies not to fix guidelines for experiments.". Twenty years ago this month, the world learned about the existence of the first imaging reconnaissance satellite, codenamed CORONA. The program was rumored vis--vis leaks made by anonymous government officials on July 23, to be an assassinations program,[56][57] but this remains unconfirmed. The United States Military Tribunal established the Nuremberg Code as a standard against which to judge German scientists who experimented with human subjects. [I]n defiance of this principle, military intelligence officials began surreptitiously testing chemical and biological materials, including LSD. The operation was codenamed "Project Iceworm," but operated under a cover research project called "Camp Century.". From September 20 to 27, 1950, the U.S. Navy released the pathogens off the shore of San Francisco. Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, writing a separate dissent, stated: No judicially crafted rule should insulate from liability the involuntary and unknowing human experimentation alleged to have occurred in this case. ", "Operation Big Itch was a September 1954 series of tests at Dugway Proving Ground in Utah. A Soviet soldier inside the 350 yard tunnel extending from the American Sector of Berlin into the Soviet Sector on April 26, 1956. 3. [29] Whether or not the physicians were compelled is an open question. Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, In the 1960s, the U.S. Army embarked on a secret mission to build a series of mobile nuclear missile launch sites under the Greenland ice sheet. [18], Perhaps the most disruptive incident involving counterintelligence was James Jesus Angleton's search for a mole,[19] based on the statements of a Soviet defector, Anatoliy Golitsyn. All rights reserved. [24][25] According to John Dinges, author of The Condor Years (The New Press 2003), documents released in 2015 revealed a CIA report dated April 28, 1978 that showed the agency by then had knowledge that U.S.-backed Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet ordered the assassination of Orlando Letelier, a leading political opponent living in exile in the United States.[26]. [62], MKUltra's researchers later dismissed LSD as too unpredictable in its results. [32], The project began during a period of what English journalist Rupert Cornwell described as "paranoia" at the CIA, when the U.S. had lost its nuclear monopoly and fear of communism was at its height. As part of a mass declassification of a number of secrets in 2012, the U.S. Air Force revealedthat its Aeronautical Systems Division had plans to produce aUFO-style aircraft back in the 1950s. Sidney Gottlieb, who had retired from the CIA two years previously and had headed MKUltra, was interviewed by the committee but claimed to have very little recollection of the activities of MKUltra. [29] In some cases, academic researchers were funded through grants from CIA front organizations but were unaware that the CIA was using their work for these purposes. [34], One 1955 MKUltra document gives an indication of the size and range of the effort. Substances which increase the efficiency of mentation and perception. Rather, the human rights associated with the Snowden leaks are regarding the types of document Snowden released. Declassified documents related to NATO's stay-behind armies are accessible via The Black Vault, a website that makes declassified documents available to the public. [1][2] One project involved vesicants, one involved phosgene, and five were experiments which involved nerve agents; all seven were approved. ". (each link will open a new tab in your browser), "Operation Big Buzz occurred in May 1955 in the U.S. State of Georgia. The Institute on Medicine as a Profession and the non-profit organization Open Society Foundations reviewed public records into the medical professions alleging complicity in the abuse of prisoners suspected of terrorism who were held in U.S. custody during the years after 9/11. Substances which will lower the ambition and general working efficiency of men when administered in undetectable amounts. [13][23] Some surviving information about MKUltra was declassified in July 2001. In the 1960s, the U.S. Army launched a secret program to build mobile nuclear missile launch sites under the Greenland ice sheet. Reilly, Edward C. "Ken Kesey." Abramtchik, Mikola Chairman of the House Intelligence Committee Representative Silvestre Reyes announced that he is considering an investigation into alleged CIA violations of the National Security Act, which requires with limited exception that Congress be informed of covert activities. Army officials managed to cover up the massacre for a year before an investigative journalist with the Associated Press (AP) brought the atrocity to the attention of the American people in November 1969. Many veterans who were subjected to experimentation are now seeking legal and monetary reparations. In a declassified CIA document outlining the details of Operation Belladonna, we can see the United States had already made contact with Ukrainian Nationalists that were keen to ally with the Americans against the USSR, primarily through influencing the development of the Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council (UHVR). Within a day the mosquitoes had bitten many people. Not declassified as yet, but the CIA documents for what Wikipedia quaintly calls the Indonesian mass killings of 1965-66 is going to be a wild . During its operational life, CORONA collected over 800,000 images in response to the national security requirements of the time. The revelations about the CIA and the army prompted a number of subjects or their survivors to file lawsuits against the federal government for conducting experiments without informed consent. With a career at CIA, youll be part of an innovative community of intelligence professionals who are dedicated to safeguarding our Nation. [54] On July 16, 2008, the fiscal 2009 Intelligence Authorization Bill was approved by House majority containing stipulations that 75% of money sought for covert actions would be held until all members of the House Intelligence panel were briefed on sensitive covert actions. #1 KEN Document Number: CIA-RDP96-00788R002100520004-9 Pages: 9 'ANGLO-SAXON' VS. 'LATIN' PARAPSYCHOLOGY: UNDERLYING THE COMMUNICATION BARRIER ( Document Number: CIA-RDP96-00792R000400100005-8 Pages: 13 'GRILL FLAME' MEETING, 30 OCTOBER 1979 Document Number: CIA-RDP96-00788R002000250020-2 Pages: 4 'MAGICIAN' WALKS INTO THE LABORATORY. In the wake of the My Lai massacre, the Pentagon established a task force known as the Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, which investigated incidents similar to the killings at My Lai. Its free. [46][47] Six members of Congress have claimed that Director of the CIA Leon Panetta admitted that over a period of several years since 2001 the CIA deceived Congress, including affirmatively lying to Congress. [13][54], At the invitation of Stanford psychology graduate student Vik Lovell, an acquaintance of Richard Alpert and Allen Ginsberg, Ken Kesey volunteered to take part in what turned out to be a CIA-financed study under the aegis of MKUltra,[55] at the Menlo Park Veterans' Hospital[56][57] where he worked as a night aide. In a declassified CIA document outlining the details of Operation Belladonna, . Experimental goals included creating "hypnotically induced anxieties", "hypnotically increasing ability to learn and recall complex written matter", studying hypnosis and polygraph examinations, "hypnotically increasing ability to observe and recall complex arrangements of physical objects", and studying "relationship of personality to susceptibility to hypnosis". ], In areas under American control in the early 1950s in Europe and East Asia, mostly Japan, Germany and the Philippines, the CIA created secret detention centers so that the U.S. could avoid criminal prosecution. [1] Chemical Corps personnel participating in the tests were not volunteers and were not informed of the tests. Seven CIA officers, including the chief of the base, were killed and six others seriously wounded in the attack. Two offices of CIA Directorate of Analysis have analytical responsibilities in this area. [52], In Operation Midnight Climax, the CIA set up several brothels within agency safehouses in San Francisco to obtain a selection of men who would be too embarrassed to talk about the events. NPR Fresh Air. Evidence indicates that SNOWDEN had access to the classified documents in question; accessed those documents; and, subsequently, provided those documents to media outlets without authorization and in violation of U.S. The aim was to find drugs that would bring out deep confessions or wipe a subject's mind clean and program them as "a robot agent. The CIA's own internal investigation concluded that the head of MKUltra, CIA chemist Sidney Gottlieb, had conducted the LSD experiment with Olson's prior knowledge, although neither Olson nor the other men taking part in the experiment were informed as to the exact nature of the drug until some 20 minutes after its ingestion. This revelation largely derailed efforts by the victims to sue the CIA as their U.S. counterparts had, and the Canadian government eventually settled out of court for $100,000 to each of the 127 victims. [42] The CIA was interested in bird migration patterns for chemical and biological warfare (CBW) research; subproject 139 designated "Bird Disease Studies" at Penn State. From a secret U.S. Air Force project to build a supersonic flying saucer to a now-famous World War II-era research program that produced the first atomic bombs to a plan to train domesticated cats to spy on the Soviet Union, here are 22 declassified military and CIA secrets. Detailed Assessment of the Gateway Process From cia.gov. Substances which will promote illogical thinking and impulsiveness to the point where the recipient would be discredited in public. High-ranking government officials in countries where the military forces operated were sometimes not aware of the armies' existence. [59], The Wall Street Journal reported, citing former intelligence officials familiar with the matter, that the program was an attempt to carry out a 2001 presidential authorization to capture or kill al-Qaeda operatives.[60]. Research by Dr. Alfred W. McCoy, Gary Webb, and others has pointed to CIA involvement in narcotics trafficking across the globe, although the CIA officially denies such allegations. The operation proposed creating public support for a war against Cuba by blaming it for terrorist acts that would actually be perpetrated by the U.S. [31], Most MKUltra records were destroyed in 1973 by order of CIA director Richard Helms, so it has been difficult for investigators to gain a complete understanding of the more than 150 funded research subprojects sponsored by MKUltra and related CIA programs. and other United States agencies employed at least a thousand Nazis as Cold War spies and informants and, as recently as the 1990s, concealed the governments ties to some still living in America, newly disclosed records and interviews show. In the process of acquiring this priceless data, we recorded for future generations the environmental history of the Earth at least a decade before any country on this Earth launched any Earth resource satellites.. [86] The medical examiner termed Olson's death a "homicide". "[41], According to Timothy Naftali, "The CIAs central concern [in recruiting former Nazi collaborators] was not so much the extent of the criminals guilt as the likelihood that the agents criminal past could remain a secret. National Public Radio (NPR), 9 Sept. 2019. Fidel Castro arrives MATS Terminal, Washington, D.C. (Image credit: Warren K. Leffler, Library of Congress), The only color photograph available for the Trinity blast, taken by Los Alamos scientist and amateur photographer Jack Aeby from near Base Camp. The project grew out of QKHilltop and was later absorbed into MKUltra. The proposals called for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) or other U.S. government operatives to commit acts of terrorism against American civilians and military targets, blaming them on the Cuban government, and using it to justify a war against Cuba. (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1976), 394", "U.S. Senate: Joint Hearing before The Select Committee on Intelligence and The Subcommittee on Health and Scientific Research of the Committee on Human Resources, 95th Cong., 1st Sess. These declassified documents include a system designed to teach people how to focus their . [36] American historian Alfred W. McCoy has claimed that the CIA attempted to focus media attention on these sorts of "ridiculous" programs so that the public would not look at the research's primary goal, which was effective methods of interrogation. "U.S. vets say there were human guinea pigs | ABC7 San Francisco | abc7news.com". The scheme, dreamed up in 1962 by the Joint Chiefs of Staff (uniformed members of the U.S. Department of Defense who advise the president and others), involved committing acts of violence against U.S. and Cuban civilians and then blaming those acts on the Cuban government, according to the NSA documents. Lessons Spanning Half A Century", part F. Hallucinogens, "Family Statement on the Murder of Frank Olson", "Lawsuit by family of drugged Detrick employee dismissed", "CIA Cover-Up Suit Over Scientist's Fatal Fall Dismissed", "Pont-Saint-Esprit poisoning: Did the CIA spread LSD? In other words, torture. They maintain that Frank Olson was murdered because, especially in the aftermath of his LSD experience, he had become a security risk who might divulge state secrets associated with highly classified CIA programs, about many of which he had direct personal knowledge. MKUltra plays a part in many conspiracy theories due to its nature and the destruction of most records. Today, the crushed remains of Project Iceworm are buried beneath Arctic snow. [28] The CIA wanted to use similar methods on their own captives, and was interested in manipulating foreign leaders with such techniques,[25] devising several schemes to drug Fidel Castro. Later, From left: William Picketing, James Van Allen, and German scientist Wernher von Braun brandish a model of the first American satellite Explorer 1, on January 31, 1958. [73] The Middle East Eye reported that two agents, Americans, who operated spy-rings within ISIS had resigned, because they "did not want to see the contacts who worked for them sacrificed due to incompetence and anti-Muslim prejudice from within Trump's inner circle." If this principle is violated, the very least that society can do is to see that the victims are compensated, as best they can be, by the perpetrators. Project MKUltra (or MK-Ultra) [a] was an illegal human experimentation program designed and undertaken by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), intended to develop procedures and identify drugs that could be used in interrogations to weaken individuals and force confessions through brainwashing and psychological torture. 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