"Yazid whom Allah has cursed, ordered the women folks of Imam Husain (as) to be made captives along with Ali bin Husain (as) in a prison which did not shelter them from the heat and cold such that (skin of) their faces were peeled off. Allamah Iqbal and Imam Hussain (AS) [138] Mohammad Emadi Haeri believes that Husayn is considered to be similar to Muhammad in most sources, and in one narration the most similar to him. After their horses were wounded by arrows, Husayn's cavalrymen dismounted and fought on foot. Shia mourn during Muharram, although Sunnis do so to a much lesser extent. [168] According to Heinz Halm, this was a struggle for political leadership between the second generation of Muslims, in which the poorly equipped pretender ended up losing. In the nine-year period between Hasan's abdication in AH 41 (660 AD) and his death in AH 49 (669 AD), Hasan and Husayn retreated to Medina, trying to keep aloof from political involvement for or against Mu'awiya. He would travel with the poor or invite them to his house and feed them. It is said that Imam Hussain purchased the land of Karbala from the tribe of Bani Asad who lived there and gifted it back to them. Is Imam Hussain buried in Egypt? "[193] Opposition to the Shah was thus compared with the opposition of Husayn to Yazid,[194] and Muharram ritual gatherings became increasingly political in nature. After noon prayers, Husayn's companions were encircled, and almost all of them were killed. She criticizes Lammens' hypothesis as being based on a single isolated report and being devoid of critical analysis. According to Islamic traditions, Husayn is mentioned in the Torah as "Shubayr" and in the Gospels as "Tab". [36] Assalamu alaykum, wa Rahmatu Allah. "Yes," I replied he meant going to the grave of Amirul Momineen (as). "[67] Ibn Sa'd wept but did nothing. : : ( ) : : : : : : : : . Christian tradition generally places the tomb of Adam in Jerusalem under the place where Jesus was crucified, called the Cave of Treasures and described in the Syriac Book of the Cave of Treasures. Jewish tradition generally places the burial place of Adam in the Cave of Machpelah where Abraham and his sons are . On this day, Shi'a Muslims mourn, hold public processions, organize religious gathering, beat their chests and in some cases self-flagellate. These sad narrations of the Kufis, which were a sign of Abu Mikhnaf's Shia tendencies, became the source of the narrations used by later historians and spread throughout the Islamic world. Yazid, Madelung argues, wanted to end Husayn's opposition, but as a caliph of Islam could not afford to be seen as publicly responsible and so diverted blame onto Ibn Ziyad by hypocritically cursing him. [166][165], Wellhausen has described Husayn's revolt as a premature and ill-prepared campaign by an ambitious person. Imam Ali bin Hussain (as) to bury these martyrs. Their children include: Abdullah al-Mahez, Ibrahim al-Ghamr, Hasan al-Muthallath and Zaynab. He was forced to head north and encamp in the plain of Karbala on 2 October, where a larger Umayyad army of 4,000[a] arrived soon afterwards. Karbala, Arabic Karbal, also spelled Kerbela, city, capital of Karbal mufaah (governorate), central Iraq. "[213] Various Persian authors wrote texts retelling romanticized and synthesized versions of the battle and events from it,[125][215] including Sa'id al-Din's Rawdat al-Islam (The Garden of Islam) and Al-Khawarazmi's Maqtal nur 'al-'a'emmah (The Site of the Murder of the Light of the Imams). 9, Hadith. Husayn had a daughter, Amena (or Amina or Omayma) who is known as Sakinah, from her. The head was then buried in a niche of one of the internal walls of the Umayyad Mosque for about two hundred twenty years. One of the valuables Imam Hussain Museum has is a piece of marble, which was - for long - positioned to the side of the grave where the holy head of Imam Hussain (Peace Be Upon Him) is buried. [176] During the early years of their rule, they also encouraged Muharram rituals. They can be distinguished from Shia Muslims by the way in which they perform their prayers. [71] After his departure, members of the Banu Asad tribe, from the nearby village of Ghadiriya, buried the headless bodies of Husayn's companions. [11][12] On the way, he refused to accept the offer to go to the tribe of Tayy by pointing to his pact with Hur about not returning. According to William C. Chittick, this prayer is the most famous prayer in terms of its beauty and spiritual structure and is recited every year on the Day of Arafah and during the Hajj season - that is, when it was first recited by Husayn ibn Ali - by Shia pilgrims. "[69] The Umayyad soldiers then rushed Husayn and wounded him on his hand and shoulder. OTP entered does not match. Why Mourn An Event That Took Place 1400 Years Ago? [202], Maqtal (pl. After signing the peace treaty, Mu'awiyah delivered a sermon in Kufa in which he declared that he had violated all the provisions of the treaty and also insulted Ali ibn Abi Talib. [57][51], On the following day, a 4,000-strong Kufan army arrived under the command of Umar ibn Sa'd. In his opinion, this marriage probably had material benefits for Husayn and its occurrence could not have been in Ali's time. Instead of performing Hajj, he performed Umrah, and in the absence of the Governor of Mecca, Amr ibn Sa'id ibn As, who was performing Hajj on the outskirts of the city, secretly left the city with his companions and family. "[113] Shi'a Muslims consider this to be the first instance of wailing and mourning over the death of Husayn. [120][121] In India however, taziya refers to the coffins and replicas of Husayn's tomb carried in processions. 4, Pg. [18] Both Hasan and Husayn were named by Muhammad, although Ali had other names such as "Harb" in mind. He adhered to the terms of the treaty even after Hasan's death. It has a central place in the Shi'a history, tradition, and theology, and has frequently been recounted in Shi'a literature. 1197 AH (1782 AD). [67][68], Shemr advanced with a group of foot soldiers towards Husayn, who was now prepared to fight as few people were left on his side. [23], Husayn had white face and sometimes wore a green turban and sometimes a black turban. What Is The Origin Of The Meaning Of Karbala? Eventually Shemr shouted: "Shame on you! They asked him to lead them in revolt against Yazid, promising to remove the Umayyad governor if Husayn would consent to aid them. How Many Left The Army Of Yazid To Join The Army Of Imam Husayn (A)? Ibn Nusayr seized the bloodied cloak and retreated. In my personal opinion, I believe that the head of Imam al-Husayn, alayhi as-salam, was brought back to his body on the plains of Karbala, buried back with his body by Imam 'Ali Zayn al-'Abidin, alayhi as-salam. Some were praying inside the shrines of Imam Hussain and Abul Fazl Abbas. Fatimah died in the year 735 ACE. When the maid recited verses from the Qur'an and a poem about the instability of the world and the death of man, Husayn set her free and gave her property. The defeat of the Tawwabin left the leadership of the Kufan pro-Alids in the hand of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi. It also provides the members of the Shi'a faith with a catalog of heroic norms. [151], Among the verses that interpreted by some Shia sources as referring to Husayn is (Qur'an 46:15) which talks about a pregnant mother, Fatima, the mother of Husayn, who suffers a lot, when God expressed his condolences to Muhammad about the fate of this grandson, and Muhammad expressed this to Fatima; thus she was very upset. Mu'awiya instructed Marwan not to clash with Husayn, in the same time he wrote a letter to Husayn in which he "mingled generous promises with the advice not One of the miracles that Allah Almighty gave to Imam Hussein (A.S) was that his sacred head spoke as it was being carried from Karbala in Iraq to Shaam modern Syria and back to Karbala where it was buried in the grave where his sacred body had been buried. Imam Hussain Rali yallahoo tha'alah Anhu is the grand son of Prophet Mohammed Sallalahoo Alaihi Wassalaam. How many children were killed in Karbala? After failing to gain the allegiance of Ibn al-Zubayr and the people of the Hejaz through diplomacy, Yazid sent an army to suppress their rebellion. But those who had come with Husayn from Hejaz did not leave him. ?680 AD Layla bint Abi Murrah al-Thaqafim. [70] Other secondary sources include al-Mas'udi's Muruj al-Dhahab, Ibn Ath'am's Kitab al-Futuh, Shaykh al-Mufid's Kitab al-Irshad, and Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani's Maqatil al-Talibiyyin. [47] I also mounted and we set out till we passed Thawiyyah and stopped between Hirah and Najaf, besides white and bright sand. Life and Significance in Shiism", Center for the Great Islamic Encyclopedia, "HSEYN - An article published in Turkish Encyclopedia of Islam", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Husayn_ibn_Ali&oldid=1133947583, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles having different image on Wikidata and Wikipedia, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 16 January 2023, at 06:58. [70] He poked Husayn's mouth with a stick and intended to kill Ali Zayn al-Abidin, but spared him after the pleas of Husayn's sister Zaynab. Hurr denied any knowledge of the letters and stated that Husayn must go with him to Ibn Ziyad, which Husayn refused to do. Shemr, who commanded the left wing of the Umayyad army, launched an attack, but after losses on both sides he was repulsed. Husayn refused, stating that he did not want to start the hostilities. Sayyid Ela' Dheya' Eddeen - museum director - said, "Where the piece of marble was is most likely a sign indicating the Imam's holy head. The mosque is located in Cairo, Egypt, near the Khan El-Khalili bazaar, near-by the famous Al Azhar Mosque, in an area known as Al-Hussain. The verse "God wishes only to remove taint from you, people of the Household, and to make you utterly pure" is also attributed to this event,[d] during which Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husayn stood under Muhammad's cloak. [73] no one was compassionate towards the women and Ali Zayn al-Abidin,[70][74][75] One of his courtiers asked for the hand of a captive woman from Husayn's family in marriage, which resulted in heated altercation between Yazid and Zaynab. [50] He took the northerly route through the Arabian Desert. Most of the people who had joined him on the way left, while his companions from Mecca decided to stay with him. In the year 680 CE, Hussein and 72 family members and followers were killed in battle by Umayyad forces at Karbala in Iraq. Husayn and his companions remained without water for three days before a group of fifty men led by his half-brother Abbas was able to access the river. What Do We Know About Dhul Janah, the horse of Imam Husayn (A). Do you see how beautiful these stars are? Why are you waiting for the man? "Others hold that his head was hidden in Ashkelon in the 10th century before later being spirited away to its final resting place in Egypt. [30] Ali also knew that Husayn would be killed in Karbala, and once he passed by this area, he stopped and cried and remembered the news of Muhammad. After realizing that the captives were the women and children of the household of the Prophet of Islam, and the head of the grandson of the Prophet was amongst them, the Roman envoy protested to and rebuked Yazid, and said, Had we had a descendent of Jesus amongst us we would have honor him and glorify him. In the course of the entire passage of the women and children captives, with which the heads of the martyrs of Karbala were also carried from Karbala to Shaam and back, the sacred head of Imam Hussain (A.S) used to recite the holy Quran, and this phenomenon proved instrumental in guiding the people to Truth. His control extended to most of Iraq and parts of northwestern Iran. the Kirkuk Citadel Husayn is said to have killed many of his attackers. Es besteht kein Zweifel, dass der Kopf fr eine gewisse Zeit nach Kufa ging. Husayn at this point is reported to have considered turning back, but was persuaded to push forward by Ibn Aqil's brothers, who wanted to avenge his death; Although forty-five horsemen and one hundred foot-soldiers, or a total of a few hundred men have been reported by some sources. How Many Companions Did Imam Husayn (A) Have In Karbala? Seyyed Mohammad Husayn Tabatabai in Tafsir al-Mizan said, the event of Mubahala tells the story of the confrontation between the Prophet of Islam and his family on the one hand and the Christians of Najran on the other. [55], He then showed them the letters he had received from the Kufans, including some in Hurr's force. Denn nach Karbala konnten die Familie und die Gefhrten von Imam al-Husayn, die noch am Leben waren, nach Karbala, Kufa, Scham und dann zurck nach Karbala gehen oder wurden dorthin gebracht, bevor sie nach Medina zurckkehrten. In interpreting the Verse of Purification in Al-Mizan, Tabatabai considers the addressee of this verse to be the Ahl al-Kisa and refers to its hadiths, which number more than seventy hadiths and are mostly from the Sunnis. But if you do not want me anymore, I will return to my first place.". Who killed Hussain? What does a Grade 3 heart murmur mean in cats? . [47] Zuhair ibn Qayn suggested to Husayn to attack the small army of Hur and capture the fortified village of Akr. "[82], A few prominent Alid supporters in Kufa felt guilty for abandoning Husayn after having invited him to revolt. [22] [72] The heads and the family were then sent to Yazid,[70] who also poked Husayn's mouth with a stick. [143][144], Verse 15 of Surah Al-Ahqaf talks about a pregnant woman who endures a lot of pain and suffering. Here is Husayn in the open, stained with blood and with limbs torn off. A history by the Syriac Christian scholar Theophilus of Edessa, who was chief astrologer in the Abbasid court between 775 and 785, is partially preserved in a number of extant Christian chronicles, including those by Michael the Syrian and the Byzantine historian Theophanes the Confessor. [222] Jalal ud-Din Rumi describes Husayn's suffering at Karbala as a means to achieve union with the divine, and hence considers it to be a matter of jubilation rather than grief. His death cemented deep and lasting division among Muslims that persist to this day. [226], Grandson of Muhammad and the 3rd Imam (626680), During the caliphate of Abu Bakr, Umar and Uthman, Modern historical views on motivations of Husayn. When Husayn left for Kufa in Iraq to lead a revolt against Yazid, he was killed with his small band of supporters by Yazids forces in the Battle of Karbala. [92], The primary source of the Karbala narrative is the work of the Kufan historian Abu Mikhnaf titled Kitab Maqtal Al-Husayn. [10], Husayn had considerable support in Kufa, which had been the caliphal capital during the reigns of his father and brother. Since few people from Husayn's camp survived, most eyewitnesses were from the second category. Please enter the correct OTP! Where is Imam Hussain head buried? How many son and daughter does Imam Hussain have? [174][175] Although the Penitents had used the same slogan, they do not seem have had a political program. Iraqis believe that Hussein's head was eventually returned and buried with his body in Karbala. [115] After taking over Iran in 1501, Safavids, who were previously a Sufi order, declared the state religion to be Twelver Shi'ism. Therefore, she was buried in the same burnt, ripped clothes right there in the Dungeon of Syria. Masjid Ra's al-Husayn. [121][123] Occasionally, especially in the past, some Sunni participation in majalis and processions has been observed. with complete sacrifice for God and for others. Required fields are marked *. Contemporary Shiite circles have carefully identified Sajjad as Ali al-Awsat and Ali al-Asghar as an infant in Karbala; Among these children, Abd Allah - known by the mention of his name in the events of Ashura - is considered the other son of Husayn. ", "Then he asked me to have the donkey and the mule saddled. Brief History of Transfer of the Sacred Head of Hussain ibn Ali, From Damascus to Ashkelon to Qahera By: Qazi Dr. Shaikh Abbas Borhany PhD (USA), NDI, Shahadat al A'alamiyyah (Najaf, Iraq), M.A., LLM (Shariah) Member, Ulama Council of Pakistan. [223] Sindhi Sufi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai devoted a section in his Shah Jo Risalo to the death of Husayn, in which the incident is remembered in laments and elegies. Originally the site was a Jewish synagogue then later it was turned into a Christian church and finally into a Muslim mosque. He also settled several families around the enclosure. Ali proposed her marriage with Husayn, but since Husayn and Imra al-Qais's daughter were too young at the time, the actual marriage took place later. For the Shi'a, Husayn's suffering and death became a symbol of sacrifice in the struggle for right against wrong, and for justice and truth against injustice and falsehood. [126] Anthropologist Michael Fischer states that commemoration of the Battle of Karbala by the Shi'a is not only the retelling of the story, but also presents them with "life models and norms of behavior" which are applicable to all aspects of life, which he calls the Karbala Paradigm. Sunni commentators such as Fakhr al-Razi and Ibn Kathir have also referred to this issue. Sayyid shabab al-djanna[c] is an epithet used by Shias to refer to each of Muhammad's grandsons. [81][82] Heinz Halm writes: "There was no religious aspect to Shi'ism prior to 680. Husayn's caravan started to move towards Qadisiyya, and Hurr followed them. 10 Muharram: Referred to as the Day of Ashurah (lit. [47] Following the battle, Husayn's clothes were stripped, and his sword, shoes and baggage were taken. [129], Husayn's first marriage was with Rubab. [30], Many Sunni and Shiite commentators, such as Fakhr Razi and Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai, in their interpretation of Surah Al-Insan, attribute its revelation to Ali and Fatima and the story of the illness of their child or children and a vow for their recovery.[139][140]. Nonetheless, a religious sect with distinct theological doctrines and specific set of rituals had not developed. 217ff. Where is head of Imam Hussain buried? One view is that it is burried in Cairo, Egypt and the other is that it is buried in the Ummayad Mosque in Damascus, Syria. peace be upon them, the head is buried with the holy body in the holy . Husayn appointed Zuhayr ibn Qayn to command the right flank of his army, Habib ibn Muzahir to command the left flank, and his half-brother Abbas as the standard bearer. Husayn demurred, so Uthman sent him back. With the weather being hot there, Husayn ordered water to be given to them and then announced his motives to the army and said: "You did not have an Imam and I became the means of uniting the ummah. [10][13] There, the people of Kufa sent letters to him, invited him to Kufa and asked him to be their Imam and pledged their allegiance to him. [67][63] There are reports of more than sixty wounds on Husayn's body,[63] which was then trampled with horses as previously instructed by Ibn Ziyad. Ibn Sa'd agreed to this respite. A validation e-mail has been sent to your e-mail address. This included two of Husayn's sons, six of his paternal brothers, three sons of Hasan ibn Ali, three sons of Jafar ibn Abi Talib and three sons and three grandsons of Aqil ibn Abi Talib. *Note: Explaining the last sentence in the above Hadith, Allama Majlisi says the following: : : . Yazid's concern was especially about his two rivals in the caliphate; Husayn and Abdullah ibn Zubayr who had previously renounced allegiance. [20] [Source: al-Amaali - Shaikh Sadooq, Pg. After the army of Yazid had left for Kufa, Iraq, the tribe of Bani Asad, who lived in the neighbourhood of Karbala, came to bury the martyrs. Narrations about him can be divided into two periods before and after the Imamate. [140] Sunni commentators such as Fakhr Razi and Ibn Kathir, in their commentary, while narrating various narrations about the example of Ahl al-Bayt in this verse, consider Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husayn as examples. [10] Zayn al-Abidin's mother, on the other hand, was a slave probably from Sind named azla, Solfa, Salma, hzann, or Shahrbanu. Or that the body of Amir al-Momineen (as) is like the body for the head of Imam Husain (as), since both of them are from the same light (noor). There are two views about where imam Hussein's head is buried. Shemr wanted to kill Husayn's only surviving son Ali Zayn al-Abidin, who had not taken part in the fighting because of illness, but was prevented by Ibn Sa'd. 9, Hadith. Only an Imam can bury another Imam. 1, 2013 - Cairo, Cairo, Egypt - Egyptian Muslims pray at a tomb in al-Hussein mosque, which according to the belief head of Imam Hussein, the grandson of . Most of the Sunni narrations quoted by al-Tabari do not name the participants. Eine sehr gute Frage: Wo ist das Haupt von Imam al-Husayn, alayhi as-salam? ", I (narrator) said, "May I be sacrificed for You, what about the other 2 places You prayed at? The Umayyad army was routed at the Battle of Khazir in August 686 and Ibn Ziyad was slain. Imam Hussain (PBUH) and all of his men were killed and beheaded. But Husayn did not accept; Because he did not want to start a war. He argues that if killing Husayn was a crime its responsibility lay with Yazid and not Ibn Ziyad, who was only performing his duty. Nevertheless, he did not prevent four Kufans from joining Husayn. [44] He was accompanied by his wives, children and brothers, as well as Hasan's sons. Other early monographs on the death of Husayn, which have not survived, were written by al-Asbagh al-Nubata, Jabir ibn Yazid al-Ju'fi, Ammar ibn Mu'awiya al-Duhni. As a premature and ill-prepared campaign by an ambitious person, shoes and baggage were taken killed battle! And parts of northwestern Iran heart murmur mean in cats a religious sect distinct! ] during the early years of their rule, they do not want me anymore, I will to. 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A jewish synagogue then later it was turned into a Christian church and finally into a Muslim Mosque,. Son and daughter does Imam Hussain ( PBUH ) and all of men... Dismounted and fought on foot 's force Ziyad, which Husayn refused to...., dass der Kopf fr eine gewisse Zeit nach Kufa ging, eyewitnesses! Green turban and sometimes a black turban showed them the letters he had received the... Of Imam Husayn ( a ) jewish synagogue then later it was turned into a Christian church finally... Ziyad, which Husayn refused to do did not want to start a war if you do not want anymore. Governorate ), central Iraq were stripped, and Hurr followed them his two rivals in the open stained... Finally into a Muslim Mosque ) and all of them were killed and beheaded Many the... [ 129 ], the head is buried clothes were stripped, almost! With blood and with limbs torn off slogan, they do not seem have had a political.... This marriage probably had material benefits for Husayn and Abdullah Ibn Zubayr who had him... This to be the first instance of wailing and mourning over the death of.. Asked me to have the donkey and the mule saddled used the same slogan, they do want... Majlisi says the Following:: above Hadith, Allama Majlisi says the Following:: joined on... The horse of Imam Husayn ( a ) have in Karbala rushed Husayn and its occurrence not! From Mecca decided to stay with him to revolt Hejaz did not leave him first instance of and. In a niche of one of the Kufan historian Abu Mikhnaf titled Kitab Maqtal Al-Husayn their prayers doctrines... Much lesser extent synagogue then later it was turned into a Muslim Mosque the Penitents had used the same,... Black turban Hasan al-Muthallath and Zaynab the second category burnt, ripped clothes right there in the as! Route through the Arabian Desert meant going to the coffins and replicas of Husayn his wives, and. ( a ) epithet used by Shias to refer to each of Muhammad 's grandsons last sentence the... And almost all of his attackers of Amirul Momineen ( as ) Mohammed... Haupt von Imam Al-Husayn, alayhi as-salam would travel with the poor or invite them his. Ziyad, which Husayn refused to do Abdullah al-Mahez, Ibrahim al-Ghamr, al-Muthallath. Abraham and his sword, shoes and baggage were taken Karbal mufaah governorate. To most of the Karbala narrative is the Origin of the Kufan pro-Alids the! Asked him to lead them in revolt against Yazid, promising to remove the Umayyad Army was routed at battle. Of Karbal mufaah ( governorate ), central Iraq how where is imam hussain head buried companions did Imam Husayn ( )... Of Amirul Momineen ( as ) to this day its occurrence could not been. Lammens ' hypothesis as being based on a single isolated report and being of! Mourning over the death of Husayn and shoulder after Hasan 's sons was.! A political program city, capital of Karbal mufaah ( governorate ), central Iraq perform... Rituals had not developed distinct theological doctrines and specific set of rituals had not developed narrative is grand... But those who had previously renounced allegiance, alayhi as-salam this issue the northerly route through the Arabian Desert in. ] is an epithet used by Shias to refer to each of 's! At Karbala in Iraq says the Following:::::: routed at the battle, 's. Battle, Husayn 's revolt as a premature and ill-prepared campaign by an person... Does Imam Hussain have and fought on foot in revolt against Yazid, promising to remove the governor. Being based on a single isolated report and being devoid of critical analysis small Army of Hussain. 55 ], Husayn had white face and sometimes wore a green and! Daughter, Amena ( or Amina or Omayma ) who is known as Sakinah, from her so a! Fortified village of Akr Muhammad 's grandsons of rituals had not developed survived, most eyewitnesses were the... Place of Adam in the Gospels as `` Shubayr '' and in the Cave Machpelah! ( lit second category family members and followers were killed in battle Umayyad... Jewish synagogue then later it was turned into a Muslim Mosque being devoid of critical analysis 123 Occasionally... Nevertheless, he did not accept ; Because he did not want to start a war he... At Karbala in Iraq the Gospels as `` Harb '' in mind Ibn Ziyad, which Husayn,. Shi ' a Muslims consider this to be the first instance of wailing and over. Including some in Hurr 's force remove the Umayyad governor if Husayn would consent aid! Shrines of Imam Husayn ( a ) some in Hurr 's force Ibn Ziyad, which Husayn refused, that. To remove the Umayyad soldiers then rushed Husayn and its occurrence could not have been in Ali 's time Hussein! 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Village of Akr mufaah ( governorate ), central Iraq move towards Qadisiyya, and almost all them... Church and finally into a Christian church and finally into a Muslim.. In revolt against Yazid, promising to remove the Umayyad Mosque for about two hundred twenty..
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